Main Entry: ad·dic·tion
Pronunciation: &-’dik-sh&n, a-
Function: noun
1 : the quality or state of being addicted <addiction to reading>
2 : compulsive need for and use of a habit-forming substance (as heroin, nicotine, or alcohol) characterized by tolerance and by well-defined physiological symptoms upon withdrawal; broadly : persistent compulsive use of a substance known by the user to be harmful
Webster’s Dictionary
My personality is prone to addictive behavior. When I was younger I drank to excess every time I drank. I do not know if I could be classified as an alcoholic, but it took my four year old son to tell me he hated me ‘like last night’ to stop drinking. After that day I stopped drinking, but there are times I still want to get that old buzz. It is only the knowledge that my drinking hurts my family that keeps me from drinking again.
It is not just alcohol, AKA drugs, which I have found myself addicted. World of Warcraft, a computer game, took hours, days, and months from my life. An innocent computer game that many play in moderation pulled me away from reality and living. After I watched “We Lost 800 Pounds“ (blog post here), myself I quit playing World of Warcraft. Not only did I quit playing, but I deleted everything pertaining to the game to avoid playing it again. There are still times I crave playing the game.
I am also addicted to food. Unlike alcohol and video games, I can not quit eating. In emotional situations, times of boredom, and when I smell or eat certain foods I go on an eating binge. These are triggers. These situations trigger an abnormal eating response and in the end I became obese.
Scientists have discovered that a chemical, dopamine, is released by our brain when we smell or eat food. The dopamine reacts to dopamine-receptors in our brain to cause a feeling of pleasure and satisfaction. It has been found that obese people have fewer dopamine-receptors than non-obese people. The lack of dopamine-receptors leads to the ingestion of greater than normal food to gain that satisfaction feeling that comes sooner to those with more dopamine-receptors. This becomes a vicious cycle because the more our brain is saturated with dopamine, the more we lose dopamine-receptors as our bodies try to maintain an equilibrium. This is the very same thing that is found happening in the brains of drug addicts. You can find information about these studies here.
Does this mean there will soon be magic pills to make it so obese people don’t overeat? Scientists are working on this type of cure for addictions of all kinds, but they are nowhere close to finding a solution. What it does mean for the likes of me is that I now know that there are situations that can create a physiological situation that is resolved through overeating. We need to learn our trigger points and avoid them, or replace them.
The Historian talks about replacing peanut butter, a trigger food for him, with a peanut butter like food that does not cause him to binge. Spaghetti is one of my trigger foods. Once I start eating spaghetti I simply can not stop eating. I have not found a replacement food for spaghetti like Historian did for peanut butter, so I simply avoid it.
Are we doomed to struggle with this overeating because we lack dopamine-receptors? I have both good news and bad news for you. The bad news: there is no real understanding or cure for those of us with this problem. The good news: there is a known treatment that requires no medical insurance.
Exercise is the key to the dopamine situation. Exercise releases dopamine in our system and has been shown to build dopamine-receptors. This is a double bonus wrapped up in one activity. When you find yourself having triggered a need to binge you can exercise instead of eat to acquire the dopamine your body seeks. The more you exercise, the more dopamine-receptors you will have, meaning you will need less dopamine in your system to gain the pleasure or satiated feeling you seek. If you feel sad, go ride a bike. Do you feel happy and want to celebrate with cake and ice cream? Go for a vigorous walk and meditate on what made you so happy. You will avoid the binge, burn calories, and feel much better for doing the exercise.
Don’t let more than one day go by without exercising your body. Keep the dopamine in your system and build those receptors.